CBSE Syllabus for Class 10 Science
Course Structure for Science Class X (2017-18)
| Unit No. | Unit | Marks |
| I | Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour | 25 |
| II | World of Living | 23 |
| III | Natural Phenomena | 12 |
| IV | Effects of Current | 13 |
| V | Natural Resources | 07 |
| Total | 80 | |
| Internal assessment | 20 | |
| Grand Total | 100 |
Note : Above weightage includes the weightage of questions based on practical skills.
Theme: Materials
Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour
Chemical reactions : Chemical equation , Balanced chemical equation , implications of a balanced chemical equation, Types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization, oxidation and reduction.
Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H + and OH – ions , general properties of Acids and general properties of Bases , examples and uses of Acids and uses of Bases , Concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required) , importance of pH in everyday life ; Preparation of Salts and uses of sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda and plaster of paris.
Metals and non metals: Properties of metals and non-metals , reactivity series, Formation and properties of ionic compounds , Basic metallurgical processes , corrosion and its prevention.
Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds , Versatile nature of carbon , Homologous series , Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups , (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes) , difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons . Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution reaction) . Ethanol (only properties and uses) , Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses) , soaps and detergents.
Periodic classification of elements: Needs for classifcation , Modern Periodic table , gradation in properties , valency, atomic number , metallic and non-metallic properties .
Theme: The World of Living
Unit II: World of Living
Life processes: ‘Living being’. Basic concept of nutrition , respiration , transport and excretion in plants and animals .
Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants ; Introduction to plant hormones ; Control and co-ordination in animals, nervous system ; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.
Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual) and (sexual) reproductive health – need and methods of family planning . Safe sex vs HIV/ AIDS. Child bearing and women’s health.
Heredity and Evolution: Heredity ; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits , Sex determination : brief introduction ; Basic concepts of evolution .
Theme: Natural Phenomena
Unit III: Natural Phenomena
Reflection of light by curved surfaces
;
Images formed by spherical mirrors
,
centre of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length
,
mirror formula (Derivation not required)
,
magnification
.
Refraction; laws of refraction, refractive index
.
Refraction of light by spherical lens;
Image formed by spherical lenses
;
Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens;
Functioning of a lens in human eye,
defects of vision and their corrections
, applications of spherical mirrors and lenses.
Refraction of light through a prism,
dispersion of light
,
scattering of light
, applications in daily life.
Theme: How Things Work
Unit IV: Effects of Current
Electric current , potential difference and electric current , Ohms law , Resistance , Resistivity factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends ; Series combination of resistors , parallel combination of resistors; and its application on daily life ; Heating effect of Electric current , electric Power, Interrelation between P, V, and R.
Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines , field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid ; Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s left hand rule . Electromagnetic induction , Induced potential difference, Induced current , Fleming’s right hand rule, Direct current, Alternating current , frequency of AC, Advantage of AC over DC , Domestic electric circuits .
Theme: Natural Resources
Unit V: Natural Resources
Sources of energy : Different forms of energy
,
conventional
and
non-conventional sources
of energy
:
Fossil fuels, solar energy; biogas; wind
,
water and tidal energy
;
Nuclear energy
, Renewable versus non-renewable sources of energy.
Our environment: Eco-system , Environmental problems, Ozone depletion , waste production and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances .
Management of natural resources : Conservation and judicious use of natural resources . Forest and wildlife ; Coal and Petroleum conservation . Examples of people’s participation for conservation of natural resources. Big dams: advantages and limitations; alternatives, if any. Water harvesting . Sustainability of natural resources.
Practicals
Practicals should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes.
List of Experiments:
-
Finding the pH of the following samples by using pH paper / universal indicator:
- Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
- Dilute NaOH solution
- Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution
- Lemon juice
- Water
- Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate solution
-
Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) by their reaction with:
(a) Litmus solution (Blue/Red)
(b) Zinc metal
(c) Solid sodium carbonate
-
Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:
- Combination reaction
- Decomposition reaction
- Displacement reaction
-
Double displacement reaction
- Action of water on quick lime
- Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals
- Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution
- Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions
-
Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the following salt solutions:
- ZnSO 4 (aq)
- FeSO 4 (aq)
- CuSO 4 (aq)
-
Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
(aq)
Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result.
- Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I.
- Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and parallel.
- Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata.
- Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.
-
Study the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid):
- odour
- solubility in water
- effect on litmus
- reaction with Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
- Study the comparative cleaning capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water.
-
Determination of the focal length of:
- Concave mirror
-
Convex lens
by obtaining the image of a distant object.
- Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result.
- Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast with the help of prepared slides.
- Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism.
- Finding the image distance for varying object distances in case of a convex lens and drawing corresponding ray diagrams to show the nature of image formed.
- Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean).
Prescribed Books
- Science – Textbook for class IX – NCERT Publication
- Science – Textbook for class X – NCERT Publication
- Assessment of Practical Skills in Science – Class IX – CBSE Publication
- Assessment of Practical Skills in Science – Class X – CBSE Publication
- Laboratory Manual – Science – Class IX, NCERT Publication
- Laboratory Manual – Science – Class X, NCERT Publication
- Exemplar Problems – Class IX – NCERT Publication
- ExempLar Problems Class X – NCERT Publication
