CBSE Class 7 English Grammar – The Parts of Speech
Words are divided into different kinds or classes.Words are divided into different kinds or classes.These are called Parts of Speech according to their use, that is, according to the work they do in a sentence. The Parts of Speech are eight in number:
1. Noun 2. Pronoun 3. Adjective 4. Verb5. Adverb 6. Preposition 7. Conjunction 8. Interjection
I.The Noun
A Noun is a word used as the name of a person, place, or thing.A Noun is a word used as the name of a person, place, or thing.
Examples:
Ashoka
was a great king.The rose smells sweet.
The
sun
shines bright.
I sit on the
chair.
This is my
pen.
India
is a vast country
.
Mount Everest is the highest peak.
Ramesh
is my brother.
I always speak the
truth.
Honesty
is the best policy.
All the words in italics are nouns.
The definition of noun includes:
(a)
all objects that we can see, hear, taste, touch or smell.
(b)
something that we can think of, but cannot perceive by the senses.
II.The pronoun
A Pronoun is a word, which is used instead of or in place of a noun.
Examples:
Rita did not come as
she
was unwell.
The books are where you left
them.
Umesh
failed because
he
was careless.
The dress is on the table where I put
it
.
This is the cow,
which
gives us milk.
All the words in italics are pronouns.
III. The Adjective
An Adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of a noun or a pronoun.
Examples:
Yuvraj
is a brave boy.
My uncle gave me an expensive
gift.
Reena
is a good girl.
India is a great
country.
Partho
is an intelligent student.
She is poor but happy.
All the words in italics are adjectives.
IV.The Verb
A Verb is a word used to express an action, performance or state.
Examples:
I
bought
a new book yesterday.
Nikhil
goes
to school daily.
Mumbai
is
a big city.
The sun
rises
in the east.
I
saw
an elephant yesterday.
All the words in italics are verbs.
V. The Adverb
An Adverb is a word used to add something to the meaning of a verb, an adjective or another adverb.
Examples:
He is a
very
good student.
She
plays
well.
He worked the sum
quickly.
Surely
you are mistaken.
Cut it
lengthwise.
All the words in italics are adverbs.
VI. The Preposition
The Preposition is a word or group of words used with a noun or pronoun to show how the person or thing denoted by the noun or pronoun stands in relation to something else.
Examples:
I had gone
to
Mumbai.
The book is
on
the table.
The cow sits
under
a tree.
He is fond
of
tea.
The boy ran
across
the road.
All the words in italics are prepositions.
VII. The Conjunctions
A conjunction is a word which joins two words,sentences or clauses .
Examples:
Partho
and
Sharan came to our house.
Mohan
is
poor hut honest.
She must weep
or
she will go mad.
Either take it
or
leave it.
It is neither useful
nor
ornamental.
All the words in italics are conjunctions.
VIII. The Interjection
An Interjection is a word which expresses some sentiment or sudden feeling.
Examples:
Hurrah!
we have won the match.
Alas!
my uncle is dead.
Oh!
it is you.
Bravo!
you have done well.
All the words in italics are Interjections.
Exercise
Name the Part of Speech of each italicised word in the following sentences, giving in each case your reason for the classification:
- He still lives in that house.
- The after effects of the drug are bad.
- He told us all about the battle .
- Suddenly one of the wheels came off
- Mohammedans fast in the month of Ramzan.
- He kept the fast for a week.
- He is on the committee .
- Let us move on.
- The up train is late.
- I will watch while you sleep.
Answer
- Adverb – adds something to the meaning of the verb lives’.
- Adjective – adds something to the meaning of the noun ‘effects’.
- Preposition – shows the relation between ‘all’ and ‘battle’.
- Adverb – adds something to the meaning of the verb ‘come’.
- Verb – says something about ‘Mohammedans’.
- Noun – the name of something.
- Preposition – shows the relation between lie’ and ‘committee’.
- Adverb – adds something to the meaning of the word ‘move’.
- Adjective – adds something to the meaning of the verb ‘train’.
- Conjunction – joins the two parts 1 will watch’ and ‘you sleep’.
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