Students can find that CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Social Science with Solutions and CBSE Class 10 Social Science Question Paper 2020 (Series: JBB/1) effectively boost their confidence.
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Question Paper 2020 (Series: JBB/1) with Solutions
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 80
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
- Question paper comprises four sections-A, B, C and D. There are 35 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
- Section A – Questions No. 1 to 20 are very short answer type questions, carrying 1 mark each.
- Section B – Questions No. 21 to 28 are short answer type questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 80 words.
- Section C – Questions No. 29 to 34 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
- Section D – Question No. 35 is map based carrying 6 marks with two parts 35(a) from History (2 marks) and 35(b) from Geography (4 marks).
- Answers should be brief and to the point, also the above word limit be adhered to as far as possible.
- There is no overall choice in the question paper. Howerver, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
- Attach MAP along with your answer-book.
- In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
( SET I: Code No. 32/1/1 )
Question 1.
Which of the following revolutions is called as the first expression of ‘Nationalism’ ? [1]
(a) French Revolution
(b) Russian Revolution
(c) Glorious Revolution
(d) The Revolution of the liberals
Answer:
(a) French Revolution
Question 2.
Why was the Inland Emigration Act of 1859 troublesome for plantation workers? [1]
Answer:
The Inland Emigration Act of 1859 was troublesome for plantation workers because under this act, Plantation workers were not permitted to leave tea gardens without permission. In fact the permission was hardly granted.
Question 3.
Why was the Vernacular Press Act passed in 1878? [1]
Or
Why was ‘Gulamgiri’ book written by Jyotiba Phule in 1871? [1]
Answer:
In 1878, the Vernacular Press Act was passed by the British Government in India to impose restrictions on vernacular press, which was responsible for spreading nationalist ideas in much of India. By implementation of this law the government started to keep a regular track of the vernacular newspapers published in different provinces and had extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the vernacular press.
Or
Jyotiba Phule was a social activist and anti-class social reformer. He wrote ‘Gulamgiri’ (1871) to highlight the injustice, pain and sufferings faced by the so-called lower caste people.
Question 4.
Define the term ‘Veto’. [1]
Or
Define the term ‘Carding’. [1]
Answer:
Veto. The power or right vested in one branch of a government to cancel or postpone the decisions of another branch, especially the right of a president, Governor or other Chief executive to reject bills passed by the legislature.
Or
Carding is the process in which fibres, such as cotton or wool are prepared prior to spinning.
Question 5.
Fill in the blank: [1]
Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into ……….. around AD 768-770.
Or
By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system of printing. The first book he printed was the ………. [1]
Answer:
Japan
Or
Bible
Question 6.
Why was reading of manuscript not easy in India? Choose the appropriate reason from the following options: [1]
(a) Manuscripts were highly cheap.
(b) Manuscripts were widely spread out.
(c) Manuscripts were written in English and Hindi.
(d) Manuscripts were fragile.
Answer:
(d) Manuscripts were fragile.
Question 7.
Who were called ‘Chapmen’? [1]
(a) Book seller
(b) Paper seller
(c) Workers of printing press
(d) Sellers of ‘Penny chapbooks’
Answer:
(d) Sellers of ‘Penny chapbooks’
Question 8.
Fill in the blanks:
| Types of resources | Examples |
| (a) A – ? | Biotic and Abiotic |
| (b) B – ? | Renewable and non-renewable |
Answer:
| Types of resources | Examples |
| (a) A-On the basis of origon | Biotic and Abiotic |
| (b) B-On the basis of exhaustibility | Renewable and Non-renewable |
Question 9.
Which is the oldest artificial sea port of India? [1]
Or
Which is the deepest, landlocked and well protected seaport of India? [1]
Answer:
Chennai port
Or
Vishakha patna m port
Question 10.
In which of the following states is Kalpakkam Nuclear Power Plant located? [1]
(a) Gujarat
(b) Odisha
(c) Kerala
(d) Tamil Nadu
Answer:
(d) Tamil Nadu
Question 11.
Choose the correct option from columns A and B. [1]
| A | B |
| (a) Chandrapur thermal power plant | (i) Odhisa |
| (b) Mayurbhanj iron ore mines | (ii) Amarkantak |
| (c) Kalol oil fields | (iii) Gujarat |
| (d) Bauxite mines | (iv) Jharkhand |
Answer:
| A | B |
| (c) Kalol oil fields | (iii) Gujarat |
Question 12.
Fill in blank:
………….. industry is used for manufacturing aircraft, utensils and wires. [1]
Answer:
Aluminium Smelting
Question 13.
Which one of the following is a major caste group of Sri Lanka: [1]
(a) Christian and Tamil
(b) Buddhist and Hindu
(c) Sinhali and Tamil
(d) Sinhali and Christian
Answer:
(c) Sinhali and Tamil
Question 14.
State any one step taken in Belgium to rule out the problem of regional differences and cultural diversities. [1]
Answer:
To recognise the existence of regional differences and cultural diversities, the Belgians amended their constitution four times between 1970 and 1993. Their constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French speaking ministers shall be equal in the Central Government.
Question 15.
Modern democracies maintain check and balance system. Identify the correct option based on the horizontal power sharing arrangement. [1]
(a) Central government, State government, Local bodies.
(b) Legislature, Executive, Judiciary.
(c) Among different social groups.
(d) Among different pressure groups.
Answer:
(b) Legislature, Executive, Judiciary.
Question 16.
Suggest any one way to protect women from domestic oppression. [1]
Or
Suggest any one way to create communal harmony among various communities of India. [1]
Answer:
Empowering women by providing education to them. Women must be educated about their legal rights as well as laws like Domestic Violence Act, Inheritance
Laws etc. to protect them.
Or
By enhancing the feeling of national integration among people. By preventing activities that exploit the rights of other communities. Communal prejudices and propaganda need to be eradicated in everyday life.
Question 17.
Choose the incorrect option from column A and column B. [1]
|
Column A
Category of person |
Column B
Developmental goals/ Aspirations |
| (a) Landless rural labourers | More days of work and better wages |
| (b) Prosperous farmers from Punjab | Availability of other.sources of irrigation |
| (c) Farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops | Assured higher support prices for their crops |
| (d) A rural woman from a land owning family | Regular job and high wages to increase her income |
Answer:
|
Column A
Category of person |
Column B
Developmental goals/ Aspirations |
| (d) A rural woman from a land owning family | Regular job and high wages to increase her income |
Question 18.
study the table and answer the question given
| Some comparative data on Haryana, Kerala and Bihar | |||
| State | Infant Mortality Rate per 1,000 live births (2016) | Literacy Rate % 2011 | Net Attendance Ratio (per 100 persons) secondary stage (age 14 and 15 years) 2013-14 |
| Haryana | 33 | 82 | 61 |
| Kerala | 10 | 94 | 83 |
| Bihar | 38 | 62 | 43 |
Sources: Economic Survey, 2017-18 Vol. 2, Government of India National Sample Survey Organisation (Report No. 575)
Question: In comparison to Kerala which state has the highest infant mortality rate.
Answer:
Bihar
Question 19.
Suggest any one -way to create employment in semi-rural areas. [1]
Answer:
Development of cottage industry, small-scale manufacturing units, agro-processing industries and handicrafts can create employment in semi-rural areas. Promote and locate industries and services in semi-rural areas where a large number of people may be employed, for example, setting up a dal mil, opening a cold storage etc.
Question 20.
How is GDP calculated? [1]
Or
How is public sector different from Private sector? [1]
Answer:
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country is the value of all the final goods and services produced in each sector within a country during a particular year. This indicates how big the country’s economy is.
GDP is measured by the Central Government. The Finance Ministry, with the help of all the Indian States and Union Territories, collects information relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then makes an estimate of the GDP.
Or
In Public sector the government owns most of the assets and provides all kinds of services. Example: Railways, post offices, Construction of roads, bridges, harbours and dams, etc. The main motive is the welfare of the people (masses).
In Private sector, ownership of assets and delivery of services are in the hands of private individuals or companies like Tata Iron and Steel Co., Reliance. The main motive of the Private sector is to make profit.
SECTION-B
Question 21.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
Source: The Movement in the Towns
The movement started with middle-class participation in the cities. Thousands of students left government-controlled schools and colleges, headmasters and teachers resigned, and lawyers gave up their legal practices. The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras, where the Justice Party, the party of the non-Brahmans, felt that entering the council was one way of gaining some power-something that usually only Brahmans had access to.
The effects of non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramatic. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires. The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from ` 102 crore to 57 crore. In many places merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade. As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes and wearing only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
21.1 Explain the role of ‘Justice Party’ in boycotting of council elections. [1]
21.2 How was the effect of ‘non-cooperation on the economic front’ dramatic? [1]
21.3 Explain the effect of ‘Boycott’ movement on ‘foreign textile trade’. [1]
Answer:
21.1 The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras. In Madras, the
Justice Party, the party of the non-Brahmans, felt that entering the council was one way of gaining some power—something that usually only Brahmans had access to.
21.2 Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops were picketed and foreign clothes were burnt in huge bonfires. As the boycott movement spread, people began discarding ‘ imported clothes and started wearing only Indian ones. Production of Indian textile ’! mills and handlooms went up.
21.3 The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from ?102 crore to ?57 crore. In many places merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade.
Question 22.
Explain any three effects of population growth in England in the late eighteenth century. [1 × 3 = 3]
Or
Why did the export of Indian textiles decline at the beginning of the nineteenth century? Explain any three reasons. [1 × 3 = 3]
Answer:
With the population growth and the expansion of urban sector and industry the demand for agricultural products went up, pushing up prices of foodgrains. Under pressure from landed groups, the Government also restricted the import of com. The laws allowing the Government to do this were commonly known as Com Laws. Unhappy with high food prices, the industrialists and urban dwellers forced the abolition of Com Laws.
Abolition of Com Law allowed the merchants in England to import foodgrains from abroad at lower costs.
The major effects of abolition of Com Law were:
- It led to widespread unemployment in the agricultural sector, but brought prosperity in the industrial sector.
- It also resulted in the rise of a prosperous capitalist class in the urban areas.
- Another immediate effect that was noticed was that unemployment in the rural sector forced the movement of labour from agricultural to industrial sector.
- Migration of agricultural labourers to industrial sector led to the growth of population in the urban areas.
Or
(i) As cotton industries developed in England, industrial groups began to pressurise the Government to impose import duties on cotton textiles so that Manchester goods could sell in Britain without facing any competition from outside.
(ii) At the same time industrialists persuaded the East India Company to sell British manufactures in Indian market as well. Exports of British cotton goods increased dramatically in the early 19th century.
(iii) The export market for the Indian cotton weavers collapsed and the local market shrank, being glutted with Manchester imports. The imported cotton goods were cheap and our weavers could not compete with them.
(iv) When the American Civil War broke out, the cotton supplies to Britain from the US were cut off. As raw cotton export from India increased, the price of raw cotton shot up. Weavers in India were starved of supplies and forced to buy raw cotton at exorbitant prices. (any three)
Question 23.
Describe the importance of judicious use of resources. [3]
Or
Describe the different steps of ‘resource planning’. [3]
Answer:
Planning is necessary for proper and judicious utilisation of resources.
Reasons for resource planning:
- Resources availability are not the same in all parts of the country.
- Resources, especially non-renewable resources, need extra care as they cannot be renewed.
- There is acute shortage or deficiency of some resources.
- Resource planning helps in proper utilisation of resources by reducing wastage. It takes care of future needs and may sustain the environment.
Or
Three stages of resource planning:
- Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying, mapping and the qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
- Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and ” institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.
- Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Question 24.
“Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development of the country.” Support the statement with examples. [3]
Answer:
Economic development of a country depends on the well developed and efficient means of transport and communication. They are indispensable for movement of people, goods and services from one place to another.
(i) Means of transport help to carry raw materials to production centres and from manufacturing hubs to markets in very little time.
(ii) It enables goods to reach newer markets and allows people greater accessibility to goods and services.
(iii) They have contributed to socio-economic progress in many ways by connecting far flung areas of the country. They have enriched all aspects of our lives —social, cultural, individual and economic.
(iv) They promote trade, tourism and business thus adding value to the economy. Transport and communication have made possible international trade which is essential for every economy as no country is self-sufficient in all resources.
(v) They link areas of production with consumption, i.e., agricultural farms are linked to the markets and industries.
(vi) They help in the balanced regional development of a country. Deficient areas can obtain resources from the regions of surplus, thereby making the interdependence among the regions possible.
(vii) They have added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life.
Question 25.
Describe any three features of ‘federal government’. [1 × 3 = 3]
Or
Describe any three features of ‘unitary government.’ [3]
Answer:
Features of’federal government’:
(i) Two or more levels of government.
(ii) The fundamental provisions of the Constitution cannot be unilaterally changed. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government.
(iii) Courts have the power to interpret the Constitution and powers of the different levels of government. The highest court acts as the umpire if any dispute arises between different levels of government.
Or
Features of ‘unitary government’:
- There is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the Centre.
- The Central Government can pass orders to the provincial or the local government. For example, United Kingdom.
- State Government has power of its own for which it is not answerable to the Central Government.
- Both these Governments are separately answerable to the people. (any three)
Question 26.
Mention any three features of ‘secularism’ described in the Indian Constitution. [1 × 3 = 3]
Or
Mention the problem of ‘Casteism’ in Indian politics. [3]
Answer:
Features of ‘secularism’ described in the Indian Constitution:
(i) There is no official religion for the Indian State. Unlike the status of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Islam in Pakistan, our Constitution does not give a special status to any religion.
(ii) The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion or not to follow any.
(iii) The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
(iv) Our Constitution allows the State to intervene in the matters of religion in order to ensure equality within religious communities, for example, it bans untouchability.
Or
Probelms ofCasteism in Indian Politics:
(i) Caste system is the extreme form of social inequality. In this system, hereditary occupational division is sanctioned by rituals. In some cases, caste division like communalism leads to tensions, conflict and even violence.
(ii) When a political party choses candidates in elections, they keep in mind the caste composition of the electorate and nominate candidates from different castes so as to muster their support.
(iii) Political parties make appeals according to caste sentiments to gain support. Some political parties are known to favour some castes.
Question 27.
Suggest any three ways to maintain Body Mass Index (BMI). [1 × 3 = 3]
Answer:
BMI is important as it tells about a person’s health condition. It is calculated by dividing the weight of a person in kgs by the square of his/her height in meter. It is an indicator of the level of nourishment in adults.
Ways to maintain BMI:
- Education level of people helps to maintain BMI.
- Staying hydrated and eating a balanced diet help in maintaining BMI.
- It is important to exercise at least for 60-90 minutes most days of the week.
Question 28.
“Tertiary sector activities help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors.” Evaluate the statement. [3]
Or,
“Primary sector’ was the most important sector of economic activity at initial stages of development.” Evaluate the statement. [3]
Answer:
Tertiary Sector does not directly produce any goods but helps the primary and secondary sectors by activities that are an aid or a support for the production process. The tertiary sector helps in the development of the primary and secondary sectors by:
(i) Transportation. Goods that are produced in the primary or secondary sector would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops. Thus it provides infrastructure for the sale of goods produced by these two sectors.
(ii) Storage. Offering storing facilities for goods produced by primary and secondary sectors. At times, it may be necessary to store these goods in godowns, which is also a service.
(iii) Banking. Providing banking facilities to facilitate all money transactions. It also helps the borrowers to borrow money from banks (banking) for production and trade.
(iv) Communication. Offering communication facilities. As people from different parts of the country need to communicate during their business as well as personal dealings.
Such facilities provided by the tertiary sector help in augmenting production and sales levels of the primary and secondary sectors thus paving the way for their development.
Or
Importance of Primary sector. At initial stages of development, all goods are produced by exploiting the natural resources. Primary sector forms the base for all other products that we subsequently make. As we grow, all the secondary and tertiary products come into existence.
(i) Primary Sector provides the basic needs of economy, i.e., food and mineral ores. It produces some of the raw materials (like jute, cotton, coal extracted from mines) for the industrial sector.
(ii) The agricultural sector provides food for the entire economy. Besides growing crops, the agricultural sector also includes forestry and fishing which provide food and raw materials for other industries.
(iii) The mining sector provides mineral resources indispensable for the industrial sector of the economy.
(iv) The primary sector accounts for 17% of India’s GDP and employs 51% of the labour ” force.
(v) The, agricultural population in the primary sector provides a very large market of consumers for the secondary sector (for buying finished products like clothes, goods of daily need, fertilizers, etc.).
SECTION-C
Question 29.
How did ideas of national unity in early nineteenth century Europe get allied to the ideology of liberalism? Explain. [5]
Or, How did Greek war of independence mobilise nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe? Explain. [5]
Answer:
The term ‘liberalism’ comes from the Latin root liber which means to be free.
(i) For the new middle classes of Europe, liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. It emphasized the end of aristocracy and clerical privileges and stood for a constitution and representative government through parliament. People also stressed inviolability of private property, drawing the basic foundation from the French Revolution.
(ii) From the very beginning, universal suffrage, i.e., voting rights were granted only to the property-owning men, excluding men without property and all women. However, throughout the nineteenth century and early twenties, many movements were organized demanding equal political rights.
(iii) In the economic sense, liberalism stood for the freedom of markets and the abolition of state-imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital. People often attempted to go beyond the state restrictions such as the formation of a customs union by Prussia in 1834 which abolished tariff barriers and number of currencies from 30 to 2. The creation of railway networks further stimulated national unification and the wave of economic nationalism in all contributed towards strengthening wider national sentiments.
Or
Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the 15th century. The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe sparked off a struggle for independence amongst the Greeks which began in 1821. Nationalists in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile and from West Europeans who had sympathies for ancient Greek culture. Poets and Artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilisation and mobilised public opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim (Ottoman) empire. The English poet Lord Byron organised funds. Finally, the treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent nation.
Question 30.
Why is agriculture called the backbone of Indian economy? Explain. [5]
Answer:
India is primarily an agricultural country:
(i) Two-third of its population is engaged in agricultural activities which provide livelihood. Agriculture is a primary activity and produces most of the food and foodgrains that we consume.
(ii) Agriculture produces raw materials for our various industries, e.g., cotton textile and sugar industry. Some agricultural products, like tea, coffee and spices, are exported and earn foreign exchange.
(iii) The share of agriculture in providing employment and livelihood to the population continued to be as high as 63% in 2001.
Question 31.
Describe any five functions of political party. [1 × 5 = 5]
Answer:
To fill political offices and exercise political power, political parties perform a series of functions, which are:
(i) Parties contest elections. Elections are fought mainly among candidates put up by the political parties. In some countries like the USA, members and supporters of a party choose its candidates. In India, top party leaders choose candidates for contesting elections.
(ii) Parties put forward different policies and programmes. Political parties with similar opinion in a democracy group together to provide a direction in which government policies can be formulated.
(iii) Parties make laws for a country. Laws are debated and passed in the legislature. Since most of the members belong to a political party, they go by the party leadership than their personal opinions.
(iv) Parties that lose elections play the role of the opposition. Opposition parties voice their views by criticising the government for its failure or wrong policies.
(v) Parties shape public opinion. They raise and highlight issues and resolve people’s problems. Many pressure groups are the extensions of political parties.
(vi) Political parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes. For an ordinary citizen it is easy to approach a local party leader than a government officer.
(vii) A government is expected to base its policies on the line taken by the ruling party.
Question 32.
‘Democratic system is better than any other form of government.’ Support the statement with examples. [5]
Answer:
Democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government because:
- It is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation. Thus the necessary delay in implementation.
- Decisions are acceptable to people and are more effective.
- A citizen has the right and the means to examine the process of decision-making. There is transparency in a democracy.
- Democratic government is a legitimate government, people’s own government.
- Ability to handle differences, decisions and conflicts is a positive point of democratic regimes.
-
Democracy has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity.
Democracy enhances the dignity of an individual. It promotes dignity of women and strengthens the claims of the disadvantaged.
Question 33.
“Bank plays an important role in the economic development of the country.” Support the statement with examples. [5]
Or, “Credit sometimes pushes the borrower into a situation from which recovery is very painful.” Support the statement with examples. [5]
Answer:
All the economic activity in a country is not possible without its Banking Sector, which is the backbone of any economy. Banks play a very important role in the development of an economy in the following ways:
(i) Banks help people to save their money and keep their money in safe custody of the bank. Banks also help people to earn interest on their deposits.
(ii) People can withdraw the money deposited with the bank at the time of their need. As the money can be withdrawn on demand, these are called demand deposits.
(iii) Banks also grant loans to people for a variety of purposes. In times of need, individuals, business houses and industries can borrow money from the banks.
(iv) Banks use the major portion of the deposits to extend loans. Banks make use of the deposits to meet the loan requirements of the people. In this way, banks mediate between those who have surplus funds (the depositors) and those who are in need of these funds (the borrowers).
(v) Banks charge a higher interest rate on loans than what they offer on deposits. The difference is the main income of the bank.
Or
In rufal areas, the main demand for credit is for crop production which involves cost of seed 6> fertilisers, pesticides, water, electricity etc.
Farmers usually take crop loans at the beginning of the season and repay the loan after harvest. Repayment of the loan is crucially dependent on the income from farming. The failure of the crop makes loan repayment impossible. Sometimes, the farmer has to sell part of the land to repay the loan. Credit, instead of helping improve their earnings in such instances, leaves them worse off. Credit in this case pushes the borrower into a situation from which refcovery is very painful.
As an example, Sadhna a small farmer grows groundnut on her three acres of land. She takes loan from the moneylender to meet the expenses of cultivation, hoping her harvest would repay the loan. The crop is hit by pests and fails. Though Sadhna sprays her crops with expensive pesticides, she is unable to repay the money lender and the debt grows. Next year Sadhna takes a fresh loan for cultivation. It is a normal crop but earnings are not enough to cover the old loan as well.
Sadhna is caught in debt. She has to sell a part of her land to pay off the previous debt. It is clearly much worse than before. Credit in such cases pushes the borrower into a situation from which recovery is very painful.
Question 34.
Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follow:
Source A: Production across countries
Until the middle of the twentieth century, production was largely organised within countries. What crossed the boundaries of these countries were raw material, food stuff and finished products. Colonies such as India exported raw materials and food stuff and imported finished goods. Trade was the main channel connecting distance countries. This was before large companies called multinational corporations (MNCs) emerged on the scene.
Source B: Foreign trade and integration of markets
Foreign trade creates an opportunity for the producers to reach beyond the domestic markets, i.e., markets of their own countries. Producers can sell their produce not only in markets located within the country but can also compete in markets located in other countries of the world. Similarly, for the buyers, import of goods produced in another country is one way of expanding the choice of goods beyond what is domestically produced.
Source C: Impact of globalisation in India
Globalisation and greater competition among producers — both local and foreign producers — has been of advantage to consumers, particularly the well-off sections in the urban areas. There is greater choice before these consumers who now enjoy improved quality and lower prices for several products. As a result, these people today, enjoy much higher standards of living than was possible earlier.
Source A: Production across countries
34.1 How are MNCs a major force in connecting the countries of the world? [1]
Source B: Foreign trade and integration of markets
34.2 How does foreign trade become a main channel in connecting countries? [2]
Source C: Impact of globalisation in India
34.3 How is globalisation beneficial for consumers? [1]
Answer:
34.1 MNCs have set up production centers in various countries and are supplying produced goods, services and technology to various countries. The countries of the world have come closer and there is a rapid increase in the movement of people between countries. This helps in the integration of world market.
34.2 Foreign trade creates an opportunity for the producers to reach beyond the domestic markets. Import of goods that are not produced in the country expands the choice of goods for the buyers. Producers can sell their produce not only in the markets located within the country but also compete in markets located in other countries of the world.
34.3 Globalisation offers a greater choice before the consumers who can enjoy improved quality at lower prices for several products. As a result people today, enjoy much higher standards of living than was possible earlier.
SECTION-D (MAP SKILL BASED QUESTION)
Question 35.
(a) Two features ‘A’ and ‘B’ are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following informations and write their correct
names on the lines marked near them. [1 × 2 = 2]
(A) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.
(B) The place where the U movement of Indigo planters was started.
(b) Locate and label any four of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given political outline map of India. [1 × 4 = 4]
| (i) Sardar Sarovar | Dam |
| (ii) Kerela | Major Coffee Producing Area |
| (iii) Pune | Software Technology Park |
| (iv) Kochi | Major Sea Port |
| (v) Talcher | Thermal Power Plant |
| (vi) Narora | Nuclear Power Plant |
Answer:
(SET II: Code No. 32/1/2)
Except for the following questions, all the remaining questions have been asked in Set I.
Question 2.
Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922? [1]
Answer:
Mahatama Gandhi called off the non-cooperation movement as the movement had turned violent in many places. The Chauri Chaura incident in 1922 turned into a violent clash and 22 policemen were killed. Gandhiji felt satyagrahis were not ready for mass struggles.
Question 7.
Who among the following published ‘Punjab Kesri’. [1]
(a) Balgangadhar Tilak
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) B.R. Ambedkar
Answer:
(a) Balgangadhar Tilak
Question 10.
In which of the following states is Rawatbhata atomic power plant is located? [1]
(a) Gujarat
(b) Kerala
(c) Punjab
(d) Rajasthan
Answer:
(d) Rajasthan
Question 12.
Fill in the blank: [1]
_____ is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands at second place as an exporter after Bangladesh.
Answer:
India
Question 19.
Suggest any one way to create employment in rural areas. [1]
Answer:
The government/banks can provide loans at cheap rates to small farmers to improve their irrigation facilities by constructing wells so that they can irrigate their land well and get two-three crops in a year instead of one. Small Dams could be built wherever required which would generate employment for the rural poor.
Question 27.
Suggest any three ways to improve health and nutritional status of people in India. [3]
Answer:
Ways to improve health and nutritional status of people in India:
- Eat healthy food regularly.
- Do regular exercise.
- Take measures for making pollution-free environment.
- Go for regular health checkups.
- Use unadulterated products and medicines. (any three)
Question 30.
Explain any five features of plantation farming. [5]
Answer:
Plantation agriculture is a type of commercial farming.
Characteristics of plantation agriculture:
- A single type of crop is grown on a large area.
- Plantation is carried out on large estates using lot of capital intensive units.
- Large number of migrant labourers work on these estates.
- The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. All the produce is used as raw material in the respective industries.
- The production is mainly for the market, i.e., commercial agriculture.
- A well developed network of transport and communication connecting the plantation areas, processing industries and markets plays an important role in the development of plantations.
Question 32.
“Democracy plays an important role to accommodate social diversity.” Support the statement with examples. [5]
Answer:
“Democracy accommodates social diversities” in the following ways:
(i) No society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups. But we can certainly learn to respect these differences and can evolve a mechanism to negotiate these differences.
Example, Belgium has successfully negotiated differences among ethnic population.
This reduces the possibility of tensions.
(ii) Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of democratic regimes. Democracies usually develop a procedure for majority- minority accommodation.
(iii) In a democracy, political expression of social divisions is very normal and can be / healthy. This allows various disadvantaged and marginal social groups to express their grievances and get the government to attend these.
(iv) People who feel marginalised, deprived and discriminated have to fight against the injustice. Such a fight often takes the democratic path, voicing their demands in a peaceful and constitutional manner and seeking a fair position through elections.
(v) However, democracy is the best way to fight for recognition and also to accommodate diversity.
( SET III: Code No. 32/1/3 )
Except for the following questions, all the remaining questions have been asked in Set II.
Question 2.
Why did Indians oppose the ‘Simon Commission’? [1]
Answer:
Indians opposed the Simon Commission as there was no Indian member in the commission and also its terms of reference did not hold out hopes of anything remotely like Swaraj.
Question 6.
Which one of the following was published by Raja Ram Mohan Roy? [1]
(a) Sambad Kaumudi
(b) Shamsul Akhbar
(c) Punjab Kesri
(d) Chandrika
Answer:
(a) Sambad Kaumudi
Question 1o.
In which one of the following States is Kaiga Nuclear Energy Plant located? [1]
(a) Gujarat
(b) Karnataka
(c) Punjab
(d) Kerala
Answer:
(b) Karnataka
Question 12.
Which of the following relief features of India possess/possesses the highest reserves of minerals and fossil fuels? [1]
(a) coastal plain
(b) Gangetic plain
(c) Shivalik mountains
(d) Chotanagpur plateau
Answer:
(d) Chotanagpur plateau
Question 27.
Suggest any three ways to improve public facilities in India. [3]
Answer:
Ways to improve public facilities in India:
(i) Education. The government must provide adequate education facilities in all rural and urban areas. The government must necessarily focus on education for girls so that all girls are able to acquire atleast secondary level schooling. Running proper schools and providing quality education, particularly elementary education, is the duty of the government.
(ii) Health and Nutrition, (a) Basic health care facilities are a must for all. Establishment of government hospitals, clinics and dispensaries, especially in rural areas, to provide subsidized and unadulterated medicines to the poorer sections of society. (b) An effective Public Distribution System — proper functioning of ration shops and equitable distribution of foodgrains is very essential.
(iii) Transportation. A well developed public transport system to make it easy for general public to commute.
(iv) Electricity. It is the duty of the government to provide electricity and water at reasonable rates to the common man and prevent him from exploitation by private companies.
Question 30.
Describe any five features of primitive subsistence farming. [5]
Answer:
Features of Primitive Subsistence Farming:
- In this mainly cereals and other food crops are grown by farmers to sustain themselves.
- It is generally done on small land holdings which are economically not viable.
- Primitive tools and animals are used for carrying out agricultural activities.
- In this, modern agricultural inputs, e.g., fertilisers and pesticides are not widely used. Thus agricultural productivity is low.
- Subsistence Agriculture is called Jhumming in Assam, Mizoram; Kuruwa in Jharkhand.