CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Biotechnology
Course Structure
| Units | Topics | Marks |
| Unit – I | Biotechnology: An overview | 5 |
| Unit – II | Molecules of Life | 20 |
| Unit – III | Genes & Genomes | 20 |
| Unit – IV | Cells and Organisms | 25 |
| Practicals | 30 |
Unit-I: Biotechnology: An overview
Chapter 1: Introduction to Biotechnology
Historical Perspectives; Production Strategies in Biotechnology; Quality Control; Product Safety; Good Manufacturing Practices; Good Laboratory Practices; Intellectual Property; Public Perception; Global market; Biotechnology in India and Global Trends
Unit-II: Molecules of Life
Chapter 1: Biomolecules: Building Blocks
Building Blocks of Carbohydrates – Sugars and Their Derivatives; Building Blocks of Proteins – Amino Acids; Building Blocks of Lipids – Simple Fatty Acids, Sphingosine, Glycerol and Cholesterol; Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids – Nucleotides; Biochemical Transformations
Chapter 2: Macromolecules: Structure & Function
Carbohydrates – The Energy Givers; Proteins – The Performers; Enzymes – The Catalysts; Lipids and Biomembranes – The Barriers; Nucleic Acids – The Managers
Unit III: Genes & Genomes
Chapter 1: Gene Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Components; Tissues and Organs; Stem cells; Biodiversity; Organization of Life
Chapter 2: Genomes Organization & Function
Cell Division; Cell Cycle; Cell Communication; Movement; Nutrition; Gaseous Exchanges; Internal Transport; Maintaining the Internal Enviornment; Reproduction; In vitro Fertilization; Animal and Plant Development; Immune Response in Animals; Programmed Cell Death; Defense Mechanisms in Plants
Unit IV: Cells and Organisms
Chapter 1: Cells: The Basic Unit of Life
Historical Perspective; Multiple Alleles; Linkage and Crossing Over; Genetic Mapping; Gene Interaction; Sex-Linked Inheritance; Extranuclear Inheritance; Quantitative Inheritance; Genes at Population Level; Discovery of DNA as Genetic Material; Mutations; DNA Repair; Genetic Disorders
Chapter 2: Organisms: Structure & Dynamics
Genome Organization; DNA Replication; Fine Structure of Genes; From Gene to Protein; Transcription – The Basic Process; Genetic Code; Translation; Regulation of Gene Expression
Practicals
- Preparation of buffers and pH determination
- Sterlization techniques
- Preparation of bacterial growth medium
- Isolation of bacteria from curd and staining of bacteria
- Determination of bacterial growth curve
- Study of various stages of mitosis and calculation of mitotic index
- Preparation of karyotyping
- Cell counting
- Isolation of genomic DNA
- Detection of DNA by gel electrophoresis
- Isolation of milk protein (Casein)
- Estimation of protein by biuret method
- Assaying the enzyme acid phosphate
